Skin 101 - How does your skin function

The skin is the largest organ in the human body, covering an average of 20 square feet. It serves as a protective barrier between the internal organs and the external environment. Understanding how the skin works can help you take better care of it and maintain its health. In this blog post, we will explore the different layers of the skin and how they function. The skin is also known as the Integumentary system and is made up of three distinct layers, all there to serve a purpose. 

What are the layers of the skin?

The skin is composed of three main layers: the epidermis, the dermis, and the hypodermis.

The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin. It is responsible for protecting the body from external factors such as bacteria, environmental pollution and UV.

Composed of five different sections:

• Stratum corneum, which is constantly shedding keratin filled skin cells.
• Stratum lucideum, this is found in what is considered as "thick skin", such as the hands and soles of the feet.
• Stratum granulosum
• Stratum spinosum
• Stratum basale, also contains melanocytes, which produce melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin.

Beneath the epidermis lies the dermis, which is made up of connective tissue. It contains blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands. The dermis provides strength and elasticity to the skin and houses nerve endings that allow us to sense touch, temperature, and pain.

The hypodermis, also known as the subcutaneous tissue, is the deepest layer of the skin. It consists of fat cells that provide insulation and cushioning to the body. The hypodermis also helps regulate body temperature by storing and releasing heat.

How does the skin function?

The skin performs several important functions to maintain overall health:

1. Protection: The skin acts as a barrier, protecting the body from harmful substances, pathogens, and UV radiation.

2. Sensation: Nerve endings in the skin allow us to feel touch, pressure, temperature, and pain.

3. Thermoregulation: The skin helps regulate body temperature by sweating to cool down and constricting blood vessels to conserve heat.

4. Excretion: Sweat glands in the skin eliminate waste products and toxins from the body.

5. Vitamin D synthesis: When exposed to sunlight, the skin produces vitamin D, which is essential for bone health.

How to take care of your skin?

To keep your skin healthy, it is important to follow a proper skincare routine:

1. Cleanse: Use a gentle cleanser to remove dirt, oil, and impurities from the skin.

2. Moisturize: Apply a moisturizer to keep the skin hydrated and prevent dryness.

3. Protect: Use sunscreen with a high SPF to protect the skin from harmful UV rays.

4. Avoid excessive sun exposure: Limit your time in the sun, especially during peak hours.

5. Eat a balanced diet: A nutritious diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and antioxidants can promote healthy skin.

6. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to keep your skin hydrated from the inside out.

By understanding how the skin works and following a proper skincare routine, you can maintain the health and vitality of your skin. Remember, your skin is a reflection of your overall well-being, so take care of it!